According to my findings WMA pro is the best lossy codec.
See here:
The Original WAV file
Lame 3.98 MP3 320kbs CBR
Not good
NERO AAC 320 CBR
Slighty better than mp3 but still off
4. WMA Pro 256kbs CBR at 2 pass
Near Perfect!! Not only is the codec indistinguishable from the original sound wise but it is virtually mathematically
lossless through nearly the entire spectrum. Purely transparent till the very end! Others are not even close.
Conclusion:
Clearly WMA pro is the best and is basically lossless.
Please Sony may you consider offering WMA pro for your walkman players. Specifically, I would like to see it for the nwz-s545 players (firmware upgrade). This would be a dream. The best sounding lossy codec for the best sounding mp3 player.